Bandung

Lore & Background

Bandung lies in a river basin surrounded by volcanic mountains, which provided a natural defense system and motivated Dutch plans to move the capital from Batavia. The Dutch first established tea plantations in the 18th century, and in the early 19th century, a road was constructed connecting the area to Batavia. By the early 20th century, Bandung developed into an exclusive European resort area, with Braga Street becoming an elite district known as 'Parijs van Java' (Paris of Java). The conference produced the Declaration of Bandung, which influenced decolonization movements worldwide. The city has faced challenges including waste disposal, floods, and traffic congestion, but attracts tourists and migrants.

Reader's Guide

Bandung's significance lies in its role as a center of anti-colonial diplomacy and technological innovation. The city's development from a Dutch colonial resort to a modern Indonesian metropolis reflects broader historical shifts, including the Indonesian National Revolution and post-independence urbanization. Bandung's designation as a Smart City and its membership in the UNESCO Creative Cities Network highlight its contemporary focus on technology and culture. Despite environmental and infrastructural problems, Bandung remains a major tourist destination and Indonesia's leading technology hub, with its airport redevelopment and a new second airport facilitating growth. The city's natural setting, surrounded by volcanic mountains and tea plantations, continues to shape its identity and challenges.

Did You Know?

• Bandung was nicknamed 'Parijs van Java' (Paris of Java) due to shops selling fashion items from Paris.